Sagalassos

Nestled close to the town of Aglasun in Burdur province, Sagalassos is an archaeological gem that offers a glimpse into the grandeur of ancient Pisidian cities. Known for its stunning natural beauty and rich history, Sagalassos is a must-visit destination for travel enthusiasts and history buffs alike. This ancient city, once a thriving metropolis, was abandoned due to a series of natural disasters and raids, leaving behind a treasure trove of ruins that continue to captivate visitors.

A Brief History of Sagalassos

Early Settlements

The earliest human settlements in Sagalassos are believed to date back to the 3rd millennium BC. This long history of habitation is evident from the numerous archaeological finds that have been unearthed in the area. Sagalassos gradually grew in prominence, particularly during the Hellenistic period.

The City of Alexander the Great

Sagalassos rose to prominence as one of the key cities under Alexander the Great. The city became an important center of culture and commerce, benefiting from its strategic location and the patronage of influential rulers. The architecture and urban planning of Sagalassos reflect its significance during this period, with grand structures and intricate designs that have stood the test of time.

Decline and Abandonment

Despite its initial prosperity, Sagalassos faced numerous challenges, including natural disasters such as earthquakes and invasions by Arab raiders. These events led to the gradual decline and eventual abandonment of the city. By the 7th century AD, Sagalassos was largely deserted, leaving behind a well-preserved archaeological site that offers valuable insights into ancient life.

Key Landmarks and Attractions

The Antonine Nymphaeum

One of the most impressive structures in Sagalassos is the Antonine Nymphaeum, a monumental fountain that dates back to the 2nd century AD. This grand structure was dedicated to the Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius and served as a vital water source for the city. The Nymphaeum is adorned with intricate sculptures and architectural details, making it a highlight of any visit to Sagalassos.

The Theatre

The ancient theatre of Sagalassos is another remarkable landmark. Built into the hillside, the theatre offers breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape. With a seating capacity of approximately 9,000, it was one of the largest theatres in the region. The theatre was used for various performances and public gatherings, reflecting the cultural richness of the city.

The Agora

The Agora, or marketplace, was the heart of social and commercial life in Sagalassos. This open space was surrounded by colonnades and public buildings, serving as a hub for trade and social interaction. Walking through the Agora, visitors can imagine the bustling activity that once took place here, from merchants selling their goods to citizens engaging in lively discussions.

The Roman Baths

The Roman Baths of Sagalassos are among the best-preserved structures in the city. These baths were an essential part of daily life, providing a place for relaxation and socialization. The complex includes various rooms such as the frigidarium (cold room), tepidarium (warm room), and caldarium (hot room), showcasing the advanced engineering and architectural skills of the time.

The Bouleuterion

The Bouleuterion, or council house, was the political center of Sagalassos. This building housed the city council, where important decisions regarding the administration and governance of the city were made. The Bouleuterion’s well-preserved state offers a fascinating glimpse into the political life of ancient Sagalassos.

Ongoing Excavations and Discoveries

Uncovering the Past

The archaeological excavations at Sagalassos have been ongoing for several decades, revealing new insights and discoveries each year. These excavations have uncovered a wealth of artifacts, including pottery, sculptures, and inscriptions, shedding light on the daily lives and cultural practices of the city’s inhabitants.

The Role of Technology

Modern technology has played a crucial role in the excavation and preservation of Sagalassos. Techniques such as 3D scanning and digital mapping have allowed archaeologists to create detailed reconstructions of the city’s buildings and infrastructure. These technological advancements have not only enhanced our understanding of Sagalassos but also helped preserve its heritage for future generations.

Significant Findings

Among the significant findings at Sagalassos are the remains of luxurious villas, intricately decorated mosaics, and finely crafted statues. These discoveries highlight the artistic and cultural achievements of the city, reflecting its importance as a center of art and learning in the ancient world.

Visiting Sagalassos

Getting There

Sagalassos is located near the town of Aglasun in the Burdur province, making it easily accessible by car. The site is approximately 100 kilometers from the city of Antalya, which has an international airport and good transport connections. Visitors can reach Sagalassos by taking a scenic drive through the picturesque Turkish countryside.

Exploring the Site

Visitors to Sagalassos can explore the well-preserved ruins at their own pace, taking in the grandeur of the ancient structures and the stunning natural surroundings. Guided tours are also available, offering detailed insights into the history and significance of each landmark. The site’s layout allows for a comprehensive exploration of its key attractions, from the Antonine Nymphaeum to the Roman Baths.

Sagalassos Archaeological Museum

Located nearby, the Sagalassos Archaeological Museum houses many of the artifacts uncovered during the excavations. The museum’s collection includes statues, pottery, and everyday items that provide a deeper understanding of life in ancient Sagalassos. A visit to the museum complements the experience of exploring the ruins, offering a more comprehensive view of the city’s history and culture.

Tips for Visitors

When visiting Sagalassos, it’s important to wear comfortable shoes and bring water, especially during the hot summer months. The site is expansive, and exploring it thoroughly can take several hours. Early morning or late afternoon visits are recommended to avoid the midday heat. Don’t forget to bring a camera to capture the stunning ruins and landscapes.

The Charm of Aglasun

Natural Beauty

The town of Aglasun, located near Sagalassos, is known for its natural beauty and serene atmosphere. Surrounded by lush forests and rolling hills, Aglasun offers a tranquil retreat for visitors looking to escape the hustle and bustle of city life. The town’s scenic landscapes provide a perfect backdrop for hiking, picnicking, and outdoor activities.

Local Culture

Aglasun’s rich cultural heritage is evident in its traditional architecture and local customs. Visitors can explore the town’s charming streets, visit local markets, and experience the warm hospitality of its residents. The town’s proximity to Sagalassos makes it an ideal base for exploring the ancient ruins and the surrounding region.

Accommodation and Dining

Aglasun offers a range of accommodation options, from cozy guesthouses to comfortable hotels. Visitors can enjoy traditional Turkish cuisine at local restaurants, which serve dishes made from fresh, locally sourced ingredients. The town’s relaxed atmosphere and friendly locals make it a welcoming destination for travelers.

Burdur Archaeological Site Of Sagalassos

The archaeological site of Sagalassos is located in southwest Turkey, near the present town of Ağlasun (Burdur province); roughly 110 km to the north of the well-known port and holiday resort of Antalya.

Large-scale excavations started in 1990.Most of the buildings in Sagalassos are from Hellenistic and Roman periods and well preserved, one of them is the great theater with a capacity of 9,000 people. This is a theater built on the highest altitude in the world. The city has many tombs carved into the rocks, a library, Heroon, Bouleterion (city council), temples, baths, agoras (market place), and monumental fountains which are also intact or restored. Many marble sculptures found during the excavations, belonging to ancient gods such as Ares, Herakles, Hermes, Zeus, Athena and Poseidon, and colossal statues of the emperor Hadrian, emperor Marcus Aurelius, and Faustina as the wife of the emperor Antoninus Pius, are one of the best examples of this art in Anatolia.

Conclusion: The Timeless Allure of Sagalassos

Sagalassos, with its rich history, stunning architecture, and cultural significance, offers a unique and captivating experience for travelers. This ancient city, once a thriving center of culture and commerce, continues to enchant visitors with its timeless allure. From the grand Antonine Nymphaeum to the intricate carvings of the Roman Baths, Sagalassos stands as a testament to the artistic and architectural achievements of ancient civilizations. For anyone interested in history, archaeology, or simply the beauty of ancient ruins, a visit to Sagalassos is an unforgettable journey through time.