Bingöl

Bingöl, a city in Turkey’s eastern Anatolia region, is a hidden gem waiting to be explored. Known historically as Çapakçur, Bingöl is the seat of Bingöl Province and Bingöl District, with a population of 133,423 as of 2022. The city’s name, meaning “thousand lakes,” hints at its natural beauty and numerous tarns. This guide takes you on a journey through Bingöl’s rich history, cultural heritage, stunning landscapes, and practical travel tips to ensure a memorable visit.

Historical Background

Ancient Roots

Bingöl is located in the historical region of Sophene, which was once an independent kingdom and later an Armenian and Roman province. The settlement is mentioned by its Armenian name, Chapaghjur, by the 11th-century historian Stepanos Asoghik, who described it while recounting the 995 Balu earthquake. Chapaghjur, meaning “spread out water” in Armenian, reflects the city’s ancient past and geographical features.

Byzantine and Medieval Era

In the Middle Ages, Bingöl was known as Romanoupolis after Byzantine Emperor Romanos I Lekapenos, who incorporated it into the Byzantine Empire in 942. The city became a part of the theme of Mesopotamia and later was elevated to a separate theme around 970. This period marked significant Byzantine influence, evident in the city’s historical remnants.

Ottoman and Modern History

Bingöl was ruled by the Suwaydid dynasty, a cadet branch of the Barmakids, from the 13th century until mid-Ottoman rule, maintaining autonomy from the Ottomans. The city had a large Armenian population before the Armenian genocide. In 1944, the city’s name was changed from Çapakçur to Bingöl, meaning “thousand lakes” in Turkish.

Main Sights

Bingöl Castle

Perched on a hill, Bingöl Castle offers panoramic views of the city and its surroundings. The castle, with its historical significance and strategic location, provides a glimpse into Bingöl’s medieval past. Exploring the ruins, visitors can imagine the fortress’s former grandeur and importance.

Gayt River

The Gayt River, a tributary of the Eastern Euphrates (Murat River), flows through Bingöl, adding to the city’s natural beauty. The river is an ideal spot for leisurely walks, picnics, and fishing, allowing visitors to enjoy the serene environment and scenic views.

Mount Bingöl

For nature enthusiasts and adventure seekers, Mount Bingöl is a must-visit destination. With heights reaching up to 3000 meters, the mountain offers challenging hiking trails, breathtaking vistas, and opportunities for mountaineering. The lush greenery and diverse flora and fauna make it a paradise for outdoor lovers.

Cultural Heritage

Çapakçur Bridge

The Çapakçur Bridge, a historical stone bridge spanning the Gayt River, is an architectural marvel. Built during the Ottoman era, the bridge showcases intricate stonework and engineering prowess. Walking across the bridge, visitors can admire its beauty and historical significance.

Bingöl Museum

Bingöl Museum is a treasure trove of artifacts and exhibits that narrate the city’s rich history. From ancient relics to ethnographic displays, the museum provides insights into Bingöl’s cultural heritage, archaeological finds, and traditional lifestyles. It’s an educational and engaging experience for history buffs and curious travelers.

Traditional Crafts and Arts

Bingöl is known for its traditional crafts and arts, including weaving, embroidery, and pottery. Local artisans continue to preserve these age-old traditions, creating beautiful handcrafted items. Visitors can explore local markets and workshops to witness these crafts firsthand and purchase unique souvenirs.

Natural Attractions

Sülbüs Mountain

Sülbüs Mountain, located near Bingöl, is a popular destination for hiking and nature walks. The mountain’s trails offer varying levels of difficulty, catering to both casual walkers and seasoned hikers. The scenic landscapes, fresh air, and tranquility make it a perfect escape from the city’s hustle and bustle.

Yüzen Ada (Floating Island)

One of Bingöl’s unique natural wonders is the Yüzen Ada, or Floating Island, located in the Hazar Lake. This small island floats on the lake’s surface, creating a fascinating natural phenomenon. Visitors can take boat rides to the island and marvel at its movement, making it a memorable and unusual experience.

Waterfalls of Bingöl

Bingöl is home to several picturesque waterfalls, such as Ilıcalar and Çır Waterfalls. These natural beauties offer stunning views, refreshing breezes, and peaceful surroundings. They are ideal spots for picnics, photography, and enjoying nature’s splendor.

Outdoor Activities

Hiking and Trekking

Bingöl’s mountainous terrain and diverse landscapes provide excellent opportunities for hiking and trekking. Trails around Mount Bingöl and Sülbüs Mountain offer scenic routes for both beginners and experienced hikers. The region’s natural beauty and tranquility make it an ideal destination for outdoor enthusiasts.

Fishing and Boating

The Gayt River and nearby lakes offer perfect spots for fishing and boating. Anglers can enjoy fishing in the river’s clear waters, while boating enthusiasts can explore the serene environment of Bingöl’s lakes. These activities provide a relaxing way to connect with nature and enjoy the outdoors.

Skiing and Winter Sports

During winter, Bingöl transforms into a snowy wonderland, offering excellent opportunities for skiing and other winter sports. The region’s ski resorts cater to both beginners and advanced skiers, providing well-maintained slopes and modern facilities. Winter sports enthusiasts will find Bingöl an exciting destination for their activities.

Local Cuisine

Traditional Dishes

Bingöl’s cuisine is a delightful blend of Anatolian flavors. Traditional dishes such as içli köfte (stuffed meatballs), çorti (a type of dumpling), and kaburga dolması (stuffed ribs) are popular among locals and visitors alike. These dishes highlight the region’s rich culinary heritage and use locally sourced ingredients.

Local Delicacies

Visitors should not miss trying local delicacies such as Bingöl honey and various pastries made with local ingredients. The city’s cafes and restaurants offer a wide range of traditional and modern dishes, providing a culinary experience that caters to all tastes.

Dining Experiences

Bingöl’s dining scene includes charming cafes, traditional taverns, and modern restaurants. Many establishments offer outdoor seating with scenic views, creating a relaxing atmosphere for enjoying a meal. The city’s vibrant food culture ensures that visitors can savor delicious cuisine in a variety of settings.

Events and Festivals

Bingöl Culture and Art Festival

Held annually in July, the Bingöl Culture and Art Festival celebrates the region’s rich cultural heritage. The festival features traditional music, dance, and arts performances, attracting visitors from around the world. It’s a lively event that showcases the best of Bingöl’s cultural traditions.

Local Cultural Events

Throughout the year, Bingöl hosts various cultural events, including music concerts, theater performances, and art exhibitions. These events provide a platform for local artists and performers to showcase their talents and offer visitors a chance to experience the city’s cultural vibrancy.

Practical Information

Getting There

Bingöl is accessible by air, road, and rail. Bingöl Airport, which opened in 2013, offers flights to major Turkish cities. The city is also well-connected by road, with regular bus services from Istanbul, Ankara, and other major cities. Additionally, Bingöl has a train station with connections to various parts of Turkey.

Accommodation

Bingöl offers a variety of accommodation options to suit different budgets and preferences. Visitors can choose from boutique hotels, guesthouses, and family-run inns. Many accommodations offer stunning views of the surrounding landscapes, providing a comfortable and picturesque stay.

Best Time to Visit

The best time to visit Bingöl is during the spring (April to June) and autumn (September to November) when the weather is mild and pleasant. Summers (July to August) are warm and ideal for outdoor activities, while winters (December to February) are cold and perfect for winter sports. Each season offers its own unique charm, making Bingöl a year-round destination.

Bingöl, with its rich history, stunning natural landscapes, and vibrant cultural scene, is a destination that promises an unforgettable experience. Whether you’re exploring ancient ruins, enjoying outdoor activities, or savoring local cuisine, Bingöl offers something for every traveler. Plan your visit to this enchanting city and discover the many treasures it holds.