Selimiye Mosque and its Social Complex: A Masterpiece of Classical Ottoman Architecture
Date of Inscription to the World Heritage List: 27.06.2011
List Reference: 1366
Criteria: Cultural
Introduction
Edirne, once the capital of the Ottoman Empire before the conquest of Istanbul, is renowned for its magnificent mosques, elegant domes, and slender minarets. Among these, the Selimiye Mosque stands out as the most significant monument in this historic city. Built by the famed architect Mimar Sinan in the 16th century, the complex includes two madrasas, a primary school, and a covered bazaar, in addition to the magnificent mosque itself. Named after Sultan Selim II, this mosque is considered Sinan’s greatest work.
Architectural Marvel
The Mosque and Its Features
The Selimiye Mosque, with its single great dome and four slender minarets, dominates the skyline of Edirne. The mosque complex also includes madrasas (Islamic schools), a covered market, a clock house, an outer courtyard, and a library. The interior is decorated with Iznik tiles from the peak period of their production, an art form that remains unsurpassed. The complex is regarded as the most harmonious expression of the Ottoman külliye, a group of buildings constructed around a mosque and managed as a single institution.
Outstanding Universal Value
The Selimiye Mosque Complex is a masterpiece of human creative genius, representing the pinnacle of Mimar Sinan’s architectural achievements. The single great dome, supported by eight pillars with a diameter of 31.5 meters over a prayer space of 45m x 36m, along with its four soaring minarets, dominates the city skyline. The innovative structural design allows numerous windows to create an extraordinary illuminated interior.
Criterion (i)
The Selimiye Mosque Complex is recognized as a masterpiece of the human creative genius of the architect Sinan. The innovative design and structural elements highlight Sinan’s architectural prowess, making this complex his most important work.
Criterion (iv)
The Selimiye Mosque illustrates a significant stage in human history, representing the apogee of the Ottoman Empire. The mosque’s interior decoration using Iznik tiles testifies to a great art form. The mosque and its dependencies represent the most harmonious expression ever achieved of the Ottoman külliye.
Integrity and Authenticity
Integrity
The Selimiye Mosque Complex includes all the attributes of its Outstanding Universal Value within the property boundary. It is well-maintained and does not suffer from adverse effects of development. Protecting the view corridors of the property is extremely important to maintain its landmark status.
Authenticity
The Mosque Complex retains its authenticity in form and design, materials, and substance. The mosque and Arasta maintain their authenticity in terms of use and function, spirit, and feeling. The madrasas have been slightly modified to serve as museums but retain their original integrity.
Protection and Management
Protection
The property is protected under the National Act on the Preservation of Cultural and Natural Heritage and the Act on Pious Foundations. All works require the approval of the Regional Conservation Council.
Management
A Coordination and Supervision Council, constituted by representatives of local and central institutions, oversees the development of the Management Plan for the Selimiye Mosque Complex. An Advisory Body evaluates the Management Plan and provides suggestions. The Management Plan aims to ensure the preservation of the Selimiye Mosque and transfer its cultural and functional values to future generations. It covers structural preservation, management of development pressures, visitor services, research and training, data management, and administration.
The Selimiye Mosque and its Social Complex in Edirne is a testament to the genius of Mimar Sinan and the grandeur of the Ottoman Empire. Its architectural brilliance, rich history, and cultural significance make it a must-visit site. The careful preservation and management of this heritage site ensure that its beauty and historical value are passed on to future generations.
Latest Update: Jul 21, 2024
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TAGS: Edirne, Iznik tiles, Mimar Sinan, Ottoman architecture, Ottoman külliye, Selimiye Mosque, Turkish heritage, UNESCO World Heritage
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