Elmali, Antalya

Elmalı, a serene district in Antalya Province, Turkey, offers a rich tapestry of history, natural beauty, and cultural traditions. Situated approximately 114 kilometers from Antalya’s city center, Elmalı is nestled on the southern slopes of Elmalı Mountain, which rises to an impressive 2,503 meters. With its deep historical roots, unique natural wonders, and vibrant cultural scene, Elmalı is a must-visit destination for travelers seeking an authentic Turkish experience.

The Historical Significance of Elmalı

Tracing Elmalı’s Ancient Roots

Elmalı’s history dates back to the 5th century BC when the Lycians inhabited the region. Over the centuries, the district has seen the rise and fall of various civilizations, including the Romans, Byzantines, and Seljuks. The region came under Ottoman rule during the reign of Sultan Bayezid I and served as the residence of the Teke Pashas, a significant administrative center in the Ottoman Empire.

Formerly known by names such as Kabalı and Emelas, Elmalı has always been an important hub in the region. The district’s rich history is evident in its archaeological sites, ancient mounds, and well-preserved Ottoman-era architecture, which reflect the cultural heritage of the many civilizations that have thrived here.

Elmalı: A Stronghold Through the Ages

Elmalı has long been a key mountain stronghold, particularly during the Ottoman period and the early years of the Turkish Republic. The district’s strategic location in the Taurus Mountains provided a natural defense against invaders, making it an essential stronghold in various historical conflicts. Despite its decline in population as younger generations moved to coastal areas or major cities, Elmalı remains a repository of historical treasures and traditional values.

The historical Elmalı Houses, with their original motifs and bay windows, are a testament to the district’s rich architectural heritage. These houses, some of which date back over 500 years, line the narrow streets of Elmalı, offering visitors a glimpse into the past. The town’s historical significance is further highlighted by the ancient ruins found in the area, including the city of Choma, which was a settlement during the Copper, Early Bronze, Iron Ages, and the Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine periods.

The Natural Beauty of Elmalı

The Highlands of Elmalı: A Cool Escape

Elmalı is located on a highland plateau at an altitude of 1,150 meters above sea level, making it an ideal escape from the summer heat of Antalya and surrounding districts. The district is surrounded by the towering peaks of the Taurus Mountains, including the majestic Elmalı Mountain. The cool, clean air and lush greenery of the highlands provide a refreshing contrast to the warm, coastal climate of the region.

The district’s economy is primarily based on agriculture and animal husbandry, with fruit production playing a significant role. Elmalı is particularly famous for its apple orchards, which produce approximately 14% of Turkey’s apple supply. The district’s fertile lands also yield a variety of other fruits and vegetables, contributing to its rich culinary culture.

Avlan Lake and Çığlıkara Forest

Nature lovers will find plenty to explore in Elmalı, especially around Avlan Lake and Çığlıkara Forest. Avlan Lake, located near the district, is a serene body of water surrounded by lush vegetation and endemic plant species. The lake’s rich flora and fauna make it a perfect spot for nature walks, bird watching, and photography.

Çığlıkara Forest, a cedar forest covering 15,889 hectares, is another natural wonder of Elmalı. The forest is home to a diverse range of tree species and is a popular destination for hikers and nature enthusiasts. The unique ecosystem of Çığlıkara Forest, combined with its breathtaking scenery, makes it a must-visit for those looking to immerse themselves in the natural beauty of the region.

Experience Elmalı’s Rich Cultural Heritage

Traditional Festivals and Local Flavors

Elmalı is known for its vibrant cultural traditions, which are celebrated through various festivals and culinary delights. The district’s rich culinary culture includes regional dishes such as okra with filet, juicy salad, Arabaşı soup, tas kebab, kölle, and flour halva. These traditional dishes reflect the district’s agricultural heritage and are a must-try for visitors.

Elmalı is also famous for its traditional festivals, which attract hundreds of visitors each year. The Historical Elmalı Yeşilyayla Oil Wrestling Wrestling is one of the most significant events in the district, celebrating Turkey’s ancestral sport of oil wrestling. The Elmalı – Tekke Village Abdal Musa Festivals and Hıdrellez Festivals are other important cultural events that showcase the district’s vibrant traditions and provide colorful moments for participants.

The Art of Weaving and Handicrafts

Elmalı has a long-standing tradition of weaving and handicrafts, with many of the district’s residents skilled in these arts. The district is particularly known for its sackcloth rugs, which are woven from goat hair and decorated with rich colors and motifs. These durable rugs are a reflection of the nomadic culture that once thrived in the region.

In addition to weaving, other traditional crafts such as woodworking, coppersmithing, goldsmithing, blacksmithing, and stonework are still practiced in Elmalı. These crafts have been passed down through generations and continue to play an important role in the district’s cultural identity.

Exploring Elmalı’s Historical and Archaeological Treasures

The Ancient Ruins of Choma

The ancient city of Choma, located within the district, is one of Elmalı’s most significant archaeological sites. The ruins of Choma date back to 3000 BC and provide valuable insights into the region’s history during the Copper, Early Bronze, Iron Ages, and the Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine periods. Exploring these ruins offers visitors a chance to connect with the ancient past and discover the rich history of Elmalı.

Elmalı Museum: A Window into the Past

The Elmalı Museum is another must-visit attraction in the district. The museum features eight exhibition halls and houses numerous archaeological artifacts that reveal the historical richness of the region. The museum’s collection includes items from various periods, including the Lycian, Roman, and Ottoman eras, making it an essential stop for history enthusiasts.

The Majestic Ömer Paşa Mosque

The Ömer Paşa Mosque is one of the most advanced and distinguished examples of centrally planned, single-domed Ottoman architecture in southwestern Anatolia. Built during the Ottoman period, the mosque is renowned for its architectural beauty and historical significance. The mosque’s intricate design and grandeur make it one of the largest and most magnificent works in the region, attracting visitors from near and far.

Editor’s Note: Must-See Attractions in Elmalı

Before leaving Elmalı, be sure to explore these must-see attractions:

• Historical Elmalı Houses: Take a stroll through the narrow streets of Elmalı and admire the characteristic textures of the historical houses, decorated with original motifs and bay windows.
• Ancient City of Choma: Discover the ancient ruins of Choma, which date back to 3000 BC and provide a glimpse into the region’s rich history.
• Elmalı Museum: Visit the Elmalı Museum to explore its extensive collection of archaeological artifacts that span various historical periods.
• Avlan Lake: Spend time around Avlan Lake, where you can enjoy the rich flora and fauna and take in the breathtaking landscapes.
• Ömer Paşa Mosque: Don’t miss the opportunity to see the Ömer Paşa Mosque, one of the most significant examples of Ottoman architecture in southwestern Anatolia.

Nearby Attractions: Discover More Around Elmalı, Antalya

While Elmalı itself offers a wealth of historical, cultural, and natural attractions, the surrounding areas in Antalya Province also boast a variety of sites that are well worth exploring. Here’s a look at some nearby attractions that complement your visit to Elmalı.

Arykanda Ancient City

Located about 50 kilometers from Elmalı, Arykanda is an ancient Lycian city known for its well-preserved ruins set against a stunning mountainous backdrop. The site features a theater, baths, agora, and several other structures that provide a glimpse into the daily life of the Lycians. Arykanda’s terraced layout on the hillsides offers breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape, making it a must-visit for history enthusiasts and nature lovers alike.

Sagalassos Ancient City

Situated approximately 90 kilometers from Elmalı, Sagalassos is one of the best-preserved ancient cities in Turkey. Nestled in the Taurus Mountains, this archaeological site was once a major city in the Roman province of Pisidia. The city is famous for its monumental structures, including the Antonine Nymphaeum, the Roman Baths, and the theater, all of which are set against the dramatic mountain scenery. The combination of historical ruins and natural beauty makes Sagalassos a captivating destination.

Termessos Ancient City

About 70 kilometers from Elmalı, Termessos is another ancient city that offers a unique blend of history and nature. Known as the “Eagle’s Nest” due to its high altitude in the Taurus Mountains, Termessos was one of the few cities that successfully resisted Alexander the Great. The site is well-preserved and includes a theater, temples, and a gymnasium, all offering stunning views of the surrounding landscape. The journey to Termessos is an adventure in itself, with winding mountain roads leading to this hidden gem.

Gömbe Plateau and Uçarsu Waterfall

The Gömbe Plateau, located around 40 kilometers from Elmalı, is a popular destination for those seeking a retreat in nature. The plateau, situated at an altitude of about 1,200 meters, is known for its cool climate, lush vegetation, and picturesque landscapes. Nearby, the Uçarsu Waterfall cascades down from the Akdağ Mountains, providing a refreshing escape and a perfect spot for nature walks and picnics.

Patara Beach and Ancient City

A bit further away, approximately 120 kilometers from Elmalı, lies Patara Beach, one of Turkey’s longest beaches, stretching for 18 kilometers. Patara is not only famous for its pristine sands and clear waters but also for the ancient city of Patara, which was once a major port of the Lycian League. Visitors can explore the ruins, including the parliament building, temples, and an ancient lighthouse, before relaxing on the sun-drenched beach.

Kaş and Kalkan

Around 90 kilometers from Elmalı, the coastal towns of Kaş and Kalkan offer a different kind of experience. These charming towns are known for their turquoise waters, quaint streets lined with whitewashed houses, and vibrant markets. Kaş is a hub for diving enthusiasts, with numerous dive sites including sunken ships and underwater caves, while Kalkan is famous for its upscale dining and boutique hotels. Both towns provide a perfect blend of relaxation and adventure on the Mediterranean coast.

Saklıkent Gorge

Located about 70 kilometers from Elmalı, Saklıkent Gorge is one of the deepest gorges in Turkey, offering a thrilling experience for adventure seekers. The gorge stretches for 18 kilometers and reaches depths of up to 300 meters, with icy waters flowing through its narrow, towering walls. Visitors can walk through the gorge, wade in the river, or enjoy the natural beauty from one of the restaurants built on platforms over the water. Saklıkent is especially popular in the summer when its cool waters provide a refreshing escape from the heat.

Exploring these nearby attractions will enrich your visit to Elmalı, offering a diverse range of experiences from ancient history and cultural heritage to stunning natural landscapes and coastal beauty. Whether you’re interested in archaeological sites, outdoor adventures, or simply soaking up the Mediterranean sun, the areas surrounding Elmalı have something to offer every traveler.

Conclusion: Elmalı, Antalya—A Hidden Gem of History, Nature, and Culture

Elmalı, Antalya, is a district that offers a unique blend of history, natural beauty, and cultural richness. From its ancient ruins and traditional festivals to its breathtaking highlands and serene lakes, Elmalı provides an authentic Turkish experience that is both enriching and unforgettable. Whether you’re exploring the historical Elmalı Houses, hiking in Çığlıkara Forest, or tasting the local delicacies, Elmalı is a destination that will leave a lasting impression on every visitor.

For more information and to plan your visit, check out the Travel Guide of Türkiye